【導讀】華圖甘肅教師招聘考試網同步華圖教育發布： 2020甘肅教師招聘中學英語：如何攻破非謂語動詞的出題套路？, 詳細信息請閱讀下文!如有疑問請加【2022教師交流群】 ，更多資訊請關注甘肅華圖微信公眾號(gshtjy),甘肅教師招聘考試_教師資格證培訓咨詢電話：0931-8186071,新浪微博@甘肅華圖，微信號：gshtjy420（點擊查看全省咨詢微信號）

　　正如各位考生所了解的，非謂語動詞僅有三類形式：to do，-ing和-ed三種形式，但是它們的用法卻十分廣泛，它向來都是各類英語考試的“寵兒”，無論是單項選擇題，還是完型填空題、閱讀理解題，甚至是在翻譯題中也會有所涉及。為了更好地幫助各位參加教師招聘考試的考生更好地掌握非謂語動詞的用法，筆者有意在接下來的內容中跟大家分享一下自己總結為出來的一些解題秘訣，并在秘訣后面附上相應的題目來解釋這些秘訣的適用范圍。根據這些秘訣，相信同學們應該能夠更輕松地應對非謂語動詞的出題套路!

　　秘訣一、逗號中間需連詞，沒有連詞非謂語充。

　　例1.many times，buthe still couldn’t understand it.

　　A.Having been told B. Having told

　　C.He had been told D. Though he had been told

　　例2._________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.

　　A. Having been told B. Having told

　　C. He had been toldD. Though he had told

　　【解析】例1中有連詞but連接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案為C;例2中后面是一個句子，而且沒有連詞，所以前面不是句子，應該用非謂語動詞，根據句意此處為被動，所以答案為A。

　　秘訣二、不及物動詞無-ed形式非謂語動詞，及物動詞有賓語時用-ing形式，無賓語時用-ed形式。

　　例3.____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

　　A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

　　【解析】lose為及物動詞，現在后面沒有賓語，所以用-ed形式，答案為B。

　　例4.__________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now.

　　A. Considered all the possibilities

　　B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration

　　C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration

　　D. Giving all the possibilities

　　【解析】把……考慮進來結構為take sth. into consideration，現在take后面有賓語all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案為B。

　　秘訣三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作狀語，只作定語。非謂語動詞的完成時形式to have done或having done強調該動作發生在句子謂語動詞之前。

　　例5. to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.

　　A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed

　　【解析】根據句意“我們沒有打通電話，就給他們發了個郵件”，沒有打通電話應該發生在發郵件之前，所以用having done，答案為D。

　　例6.Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.

　　A. to have founded B. having founded

　　C. founding D. to found

　　【解析】根據句意，Tim Bemers-Lee創立萬維網應該是過去的事情，而且be considered后面應該用動詞不定式，所以應該用to have done，答案為A。

　　秘訣四、非謂語動詞作定語時，表示將來用to do，表正在進行用-ing，表示已經完成用-ed。

　　例7.The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

　　A.produced B.being produced

　　C.to be produced D.having been produced

　　【解析】根據本題中的時間狀語next month，可知the play將于下月被創作出來，表將來應該用to do，所以答案為C。

　　例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.

　　A. being blown down B. blown down

　　C. blowing down D. to blow down

　　【解析】根據句意“被暴風雨刮倒的樹已經從路上移走了”，樹被刮倒是過去已經完成的動作，表已經完成用-ed形式，所以答案為B。

　　秘訣五、介詞后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加邏輯主語。

　　例9.The discovery of new evidence led to ______________.

　　A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught

　　C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught

　　【解析】本題led to中的to是介詞，后面應該用-ing形式，the thief作-ing的邏輯主語，所以答案為D。

　　例10.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.

　　【解析】本題the noise of中的of是介詞，后面應該用-ing形式，desks作-ing的邏輯主語，所以答案為C。

　　秘訣六、-ing形式或to do可作主語或賓語，-ed形式則不可以。

　　例11.___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.

　　A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch

　　【解析】本題中is為系動詞，前面應該作主語，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。

　　例12.______twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

　　A. Examining B. Examined

　　C. Being examined D. Having been examined

　　【解析】本題中is為系動詞，前面應該作主語，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。

　　秘訣七、be+-ed+介詞結構�？砂裝e去掉保留-ed+介詞做狀語。

　　例13.Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.

　　A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared

　　【解析】“和……相比較”結構為be compared with，現在做句子的狀語，所以只保留非謂語動詞，把動詞be去掉，答案為D。

　　例14._______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.

　　A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing

　　【解析】“面對”結構為be faced with, 現在做句子的狀語，所以只保留非謂語動詞，把動詞be去掉，答案為C。

　　秘訣八、非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語必須和句子主語保持一致，和句子主語構成主謂關系時用-ing形式，構成動賓關系是用-ed形式。其邏輯主語和句子主語不一致時，要在非謂語動詞前加邏輯主語，構成獨立主格結構。

　　例15.____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.

　　A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten

　　【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應和句子主語the postman一致，the postman應該是被咬，所以答案為B。

　　例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.

　　A. To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked

　　【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應和句子主語he一致, he 和walk應該是主動關系，所以答案為B。

　　例17.While watching television, __________.

　　A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings

　　C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings

　　【解析】根據“非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語必須和句子主語保持一致”的原則，watching的邏輯主語應和后面句子主語一致，所以句子主語應為“we”，答案為C。

　　例18.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.

　　A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished

　　【解析】本題沒有連詞，所以后面應用非謂語動詞，the lessons是非謂語動詞的邏輯主語，和非謂語動詞構成獨立主格結構。根據句意應是“被完成”，所以答案為B。

　　秘訣九、不定式做狀語一般有兩種：目的狀語和出乎意料的結果狀語(表示順其自然的結果用-ing形式)。另外，某些形容詞(表喜、怒、哀、樂)做表語后跟不定式可以表示原因。

　　例19._____, you need to give all you have and try your best.

　　A. Being a winner B. To be a winner

　　C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner

　　【解析】根據句意“要想成為獲勝者，你要付出所有，盡最大努力”，此處表目的，所以答案為B。

　　例20.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.

　　A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

　　【解析】本句句意為“記者們匆匆趕到機場，卻被告知明星們已經走了”，表出乎意料的結果常常用only to do，所以答案為B。

　　例21.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.

　　A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let

　　【解析】本題句意為“玻璃門替換了木頭門，自然光就進來了”，自然光進來時順其自然的結果，所以用doing, 答案為B。

　　例22.How glad I am ___________ you!

　　A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen

　　【解析】本題是I am glad to see you 的感嘆句形式，to see you 是原因狀語，答案為B。

　　秘訣十、 非謂語動詞的否定原則是在非謂語動詞前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done幾種形式。

　　例23.______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.

　　A. Not realized B. Not to realize

　　C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized

　　【解析】本題考查doing的否定形式not doing，答案為 C。

　　例24.What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child.

　　A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed

　　C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed

　　【解析】本題考查being done的否定形式not being done; his 為not being done的邏輯主語，所以答案為B。

　　例25.Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer.

　　A. don’t go B. to not go C. not going D. not to go

　　【解析】本題考查to do的否定形式not to do, 所以答案為D。

　　希望通過本篇文章對大家系統梳理非謂語動詞的易錯點有所幫助，華圖教師順祝各位考生備考順利、早日成師!

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