【導讀】華圖甘肅教師招聘考試網同步華圖教育發布： 2020甘肅教師招聘中學英語：如何用教育心理學理論武裝英文寫作（2）, 詳細信息請閱讀下文!如有疑問請加【2022教師交流群】 ，更多資訊請關注甘肅華圖微信公眾號(gshtjy),甘肅教師招聘考試_教師資格證培訓咨詢電話：0931-8186071,新浪微博@甘肅華圖，微信號：gshtjy420（點擊查看全省咨詢微信號）

　　廣大考生在英語寫作過程中，常常會為了如何論證某一個觀點或者某一現象出現的原因而煞費苦心，往往采取的辦法是用套話解釋套話，顯得格外蒼白無力，還不具有說服力。如果腦海中能儲備一些常見的教育學心理學理論，在遇到相關寫作話題時，一定能夠手到擒來，快速高效套用。為此，華圖教師特地精心羅列高頻理論，以期為考生在寫作時提供另外一個思路，洞悉現象后面的“心理效應”，讓在考場上呈現的作文更顯高大上。

　　刻板效應(stereotype effect)

　　Ø中文含義:

　　對社會上各類人的固定看法，或是對人概括泛化的看法�？贪逵∠笠坏┬纬�，在對人的認知中就會不自覺地簡單地把某個人歸入某一群體的刻板印象中去。

　　如政客：精明、算計、狡詐;商人：唯利是圖;理工男：矮搓窮、不善言談、四眼男、會賺錢;美國人開放的、善談的、熱情的;英國人內斂的、深沉的、保守的;活潑好動的人一定辦事毛糙，性格內向的人一定老實聽話;青年人單純幼稚、容易沖動，老年人經驗豐富、保守、穩重。

　　Ø英文含義:

　　Stereotype effect refers to theunconscious attribution of particular qualitiesto a member of a certain social group. It’s influenced by experience, and are based on learned associations between various qualities and social categories, including race or gender. Individuals' perceptions and behaviors can be affected by stereotype effect, even without the individuals' intention or awareness.

　　Ø實戰應用:

　　1.教學中(老師對學生的刻板印象)

　　Students tend to fall victim to stereotype effectunconsciously exercised by their teachers. Once a student does poorly in his study, the case is often that he or she will be easily neglected or dismissed as unpromising and even hopeless in spite of their other outstanding merits. (for instance, their imagination, creativity, their communication ability… )

　　2. 找工作時(job-hunting)

　　Stereotype effectoften misleads interviewers making them think that female interviewees are intrinsically more vulnerable than male ones. They are unfairly considered less capable, flexible and creative.

　　(Less-good looking applicants are more likely to be considered less competent and less qualified.

　　Less-good looking suspects are less likely to receive sympathy and more easily identified as the real criminal by the public.)

　　3.旅游時游客的不文明行為--旅游不文明行為會造成對中國人或者內地人的刻板影響(順走馬桶蓋、隨地大小便、涂鴉、不守秩序插隊等)--國家形象造成刻板影響(overshadowed/tainted)

　　(Uncivilized tourism behavior--中國人素質低)

　　Occurrencesof impropriate tourism behaviorhome and abroad such as jumping the queue, spitting and littering around, making annoying noises, scratching and scrawling unsightly words, are frequently reported. They not only ruin the good mood for other travelers, but also are responsible for the formation of stereo-type against Chinese people. As implied by stereotype effect, one’s impression of a member can be extended to the group he belongs to.

　　本系列文章中所列理論可用于闡述為什么我們會對特定的人、特定的事、現象產生某種傾向性的觀點;由于教育心理學理論眾多，考生可在平時備考過程中有意識地積累，并嘗試在練習過程中結合相關話題，進行靈活實踐。最后，華圖教育衷心祝愿廣大考生能夠成功邁出教師之路第一步，早日實現教師夢!

　　相關推薦》》》

　　2020甘肅華圖抗疫暖心課程合輯

　　2020特崗教師筆試課程

圖書
	2020教師資格考試 6本 【幼兒園套裝】	2020教師資格考試 6本 【小學套裝】	2020教師資格考試 6本 【中學套裝】
網課	教師資格證筆試 1元干貨	2020上教師資格證筆試 拿證指南	2020教師資格VIP尊享班 【小/中/幼】

查看更多2020甘肅教師招聘考試信息歡迎關注甘肅教師招聘考試頻道。更有每日一練，備考資料，網校課程供考生復習備考。

　　推薦閱讀：

　　>教師招聘圖書教材

　　>教師招聘網校課程

　　>教師招聘面授課程